US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson carried a message from world powers to Moscow on Tuesday denouncing Russian support for Syria's Bashar al-Assad, as the Trump administration took on America's traditional mantle as leader of a unified West.
Tillerson flew to Russia as part of the administration’s first cabinet mission, after meeting foreign ministers from the Group of Seven advanced economies and Middle Eastern allies in Italy. They endorsed a joint call for Russia to abandon Assad.
Touted to be Tillerson’s most sensitive trip, the Secretary of State will attempt to leverage both international community’s condemnation of Syria’s use of Sarin gas on civilians and US President Trump's recent cruise missile attack on Syria to weaken Russia’s support to Assad, CNN reported.
According to the same CNN report, Tillerson’s strategy would be to highlight Russia’s responsibility and accountability for the attack, in an attempt to bring Putin to do more and end the impending conflict.
Though Tillerson steered clear of a direct blame game with Russia , he said, "I don't draw conclusions of complicity at all. But clearly, they've been incompetent, and perhaps they've simply been out-maneuvered by the Syrians”, according to CNN.
Notably, he has been more restrained in calls for Assad’s removal unlike embers of his party, according to the same report.
The administration of President Donald Trump, which came to power in January calling for warmer ties with Russia, was thrust into confrontation with Moscow last week when a poison gas attack in northern Syria killed 87 people.
Western countries blame President Assad for the gas attack, and Trump responded by firing cruise missiles at a Syrian air base. Russian President Vladimir Putin has stood firmly by Moscow's ally Assad, who denies blame.
Before departing for Moscow, Tillerson told reporters in Italy:
It is clear to us the reign of the Assad family is coming to an end. We hope that the Russian government concludes that they have aligned themselves with an unreliable partner in Bashar Al-Assad.
Russia Has Failed in Its Role as a Sponsor of 2013 Nuclear Deal: Tillerson
Tillerson said Russia had failed in its role as sponsor of a 2013 deal under which Assad promised to give up his chemical arsenal.
"These agreements stipulated Russia as the guarantor of a Syria free of chemical weapons”, Tillerson said.
He added:
It is unclear whether Russia failed to take this obligation seriously and whether Russia has been incompetent. But this distinction doesn’t much matter to the dead. We can’t let this happen again.
Russia Blames US for an Illegal Act of Aggression
Russia says the chemicals that killed civilians belonged to rebels, not to Assad's government, and has accused the United States of an illegal act of aggression against Syria on a phoney pretext. Putin said on Tuesday he believed Washington planned to launch more missile strikes, and that rebels were planning to stage chemical weapons attacks to provoke them.
Standing alongside Italian President Sergio Matarella who was in Moscow for talks, Putin said:
We have information that a similar provocation is being prepared... in other parts of Syria including in the southern Damascus suburbs where they are planning to again plant some substance and accuse the Syrian authorities of using (chemical weapons).
Putin said Moscow would urgently ask the United Nations, the watchdog of chemical weapons, to investigate last week's incident. Western countries have dismissed Russian suggestions that the poison gas belonged to rebels as beyond credibility.
Russia’s allegations fit with a pattern of deflecting blame from the (Syrian) regime and attempting to undermine the credibility of its opponents.White House Official
The United States, Britain and France have proposed a revised draft resolution to the 15-member UN Security Council that is similar to a text they circulated last week pushing Syria's government to cooperate with investigators, diplomats said.
Turning Point
The Secretary of State's role as messenger for a united G7 position is a turning point for Trump, who in the past alarmed allies by voicing scepticism about the value of US support for traditional friends, while calling for closer ties with Moscow.
Tillerson is a former boss of oil company Exxon Mobil which has gigantic projects in Russia. He was awarded Russia's "Order of Friendship" by Putin in 2013.
He is due to meet Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow on Wednesday. The Kremlin has said Tillerson has no meeting scheduled with Putin this trip, although some Russian media have reported such a meeting may nevertheless take place.
On Monday, Trump reached out to traditional NATO allies, discussing Syria by telephone with British Prime Minister Theresa May and German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
I think we have to show a united position and that in these negotiations we should do all we can to get Russia out of Assad’s corner.Sigmar Gabriel, German Foreign Minister
Britain floated the idea of tightening sanctions on Russia, initially imposed in 2014 over its annexation of territory from Ukraine, although no such step was agreed at the G7 meeting. France said it was not discussed in depth.
Western countries have been calling for Assad to leave power since 2011, the year which also marks the start of a civil war that has killed at least 400,000 people and created the world's worst refugee crisis.
Assad's position on the battlefield became far stronger after Russia joined the war to support him in 2015. The United States and its allies are conducting air strikes in Syria against Islamic State, but until last week Washington had avoided targeting forces of Assad's government directly.
Additional Strikes
The United States said its strike on the Syrian airbase near Homs on Friday was a one-off and not a strategic shift. But the White House has also said Trump could authorise more strikes if Syria uses chemical weapons again.
White House spokesman Sean Spicer suggested on Monday a lower bar for further US action, saying Washington could also retaliate if Syria uses "barrel bombs" - oil drums packed with explosives dropped from aircraft.
When you watch babies and children being gassed, and suffer under barrel bombs, you are instantaneously moved to action. I think this president’s (Donald Trump) made it very clear that if those actions were to continue, further action will definitely be considered by the United States.Sean Spicer, White House spokesman
Retaliating for barrel bombs would require a major shift in US policy since rebels say the weapons are used almost daily.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a British-based monitoring group, said Syrian warplanes dropped barrel bombs on rebel-held areas of Hama province on Tuesday.
Syria has always denied using barrel bombs, though their use has been widely recorded by UN investigators. A source in the Syrian military denied it used them on Tuesday.
The US missile strike increased expectations that Trump would adopt a tougher stance with respect to Russia, and engage more actively in world affairs instead of following the more isolationist position associated with some of his advisers.
Until the chemical attack, Trump had said Washington would no longer act as the world’s guardian, especially if it was not in the interests of the United States.
Trump's previous warm words for Russia were an issue at home, where intelligence agencies accuse Moscow of using computer hacking to help him win last year's presidential election. The FBI is investigating whether Trump campaign officials colluded with Moscow, which the White House denies.
On Monday, Tillerson visited the site of a World War Two Nazi massacre in Italy and said Washington would never let such abuses go unchallenged.
"We rededicate ourselves to holding to account any and all who commit crimes against the innocents anywhere in the world," Tillerson told reporters in Sant'Anna di Stazzema.
(With inputs from CNN and Reuters.)
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