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Maharashtra has topped the list of states in delivering justice to people followed by Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Haryana, according to a report by Tata Trusts.
Among the smaller states (where population is less than one crore each), Goa has topped the list, followed by Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh, the report said.
The India Justice Report 2019 is based on publicly available data of different government entities on the four pillars of justice delivery – police, judiciary, prisons and legal aid. The report, in order to assess the capacity of states to deliver justice, looked at data indicators from all four pillars.
Releasing the report, former Supreme Court judge Justice M B Lokur said the findings highlight very serious lacunae in the justice delivery system.
‘Judiciary, Govt Must Take Note of Findings’: Justice Lokur
"It is an excellent effort to mainstream the issues concerning our justice system, which in fact affect every aspect of society, governance and the economy," Justice Lokur said.
“I fervently hope the judiciary and the government will take note of the significant findings, and the states too will act to urgently plug the gaps in management of the police, prisons, forensics, justice delivery, legal aid and filling up the vacancies,” he said.
‘Prisons Over-Occupied’
As per the findings, the country, as a whole, has about 18,200 judges with about 23 percent sanctioned posts vacant.
"Women are also poorly represented in these pillars, constituting just seven percent of the police. Prisons are over-occupied at 114 percent, where 68 percent are under-trials awaiting investigation. Regarding budgets, most states are not able to fully utilise the funds given to them by the Centre, while the increase in spending on the police, prisons and judiciary does not keep pace with overall increase in state expenditure," the report said.
“Some pillars also remain affected by low budgets. India’s per capita spend on free legal aid – which 80 percent of the population is eligible for – is 75 paise per annum,” it said.
The indicators, across the pillars, covered themes like infrastructure, human resources, diversity (gender, SC/ST/OBC), budgets, workload and trends over the last five years.
The ranking is an initiative of Tata Trusts in collaboration with Centre for Social Justice, Common Cause, Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, DAKSH, TISS- Prayas and Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy.
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