As we mark World Environment Day, it’s time to reflect on the urgent environmental challenges we face in India and explore innovative solutions that promise a greener, more sustainable future. This year's theme focuses on three critical issues: land restoration, combating desertification and drought, and bringing nature back into our rapidly urbanizing cities.
These efforts are not only vital for our well-being but are also essential for preserving and fostering wildlife, ensuring we can coexist with nature even as our development needs grow.
India is no stranger to the devastating effects of desertification and drought. With nearly 30% of our land undergoing degradation, the impact on agriculture, water resources, and local communities is profound.
It’s a crisis that demands immediate attention and robust action. By planting trees, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and improving water management, we can rejuvenate our lands. Community-led watershed management programs have also shown remarkable success.
These programs, driven by local participation, focus on soil conservation, water harvesting, and afforestation, transforming barren landscapes into fertile grounds. But why is this important for wildlife? Healthy ecosystems support diverse flora and fauna.
A doctor treats a leopard.
(Photo: Tanya Rao Gabriel)
When we restore our lands, we create habitats for countless species, from the tiny insects that pollinate our crops to the majestic tigers that roam our forests.
A balanced ecosystem ensures that wildlife thrives, which in turn supports human life by maintaining the natural processes we depend on.
Urbanization is inevitable, but that doesn’t mean cities have to be concrete jungles devoid of nature. In fact, integrating green spaces into our urban areas is crucial for a sustainable future. Urban forests, green rooftops, and biodiversity parks are more than just aesthetic additions; they are vital green lungs that help mitigate pollution, reduce urban heat, and provide much-needed habitats for urban wildlife.
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Neha Panchamiya, the founder and director of RESQ CT.
Take Mumbai’s Aarey Forest, often referred to as the city’s green lung. Despite the pressures of urban development, efforts to preserve and expand this forested area have provided a sanctuary for a variety of wildlife, including leopards, birds, and reptiles.
Similarly, initiatives like the Miyawaki method of urban afforestation have been successful in creating dense, native forests in urban spaces across India.
These urban forests grow rapidly and support local biodiversity, offering a respite for both humans and wildlife. One of the biggest challenges of urban expansion is human-wildlife conflict. As cities grow, wildlife habitats shrink, leading to increased encounters and, unfortunately, conflicts. However, with thoughtful planning and community involvement, we can turn these challenges into opportunities for coexistence.
Thermal image of a leopard.
(Photo: RESQ CT)
Urban areas like Bangalore have introduced wildlife corridors that allow animals to move safely between habitats fragmented by urban infrastructure. Additionally, projects to create and maintain water bodies in cities not only enhance urban aesthetics but also support migratory birds and aquatic life. Education and outreach are paramount. When communities understand the value of local wildlife and green spaces, they are more likely to participate in conservation efforts. Initiatives like citizen science projects, where residents document local biodiversity, not only gather crucial data but also foster a sense of stewardship and connection to nature.
On this World Environment Day, let’s commit to restoring our lands and rewilding our cities. Every tree planted, every green space protected, and every measure taken to coexist with wildlife contribute significantly to a sustainable future.
By working together, we can ensure that India’s rich biodiversity thrives alongside our growing cities, benefiting all inhabitants of this diverse and beautiful country. Neha Panchamiya is the passionate founder of RESQ CT, an organization dedicated to wildlife conservation and rescue. Her work focuses on creating harmony between humans and wildlife through education, innovative conservation practices, and community involvement.
(Neha Panchamiya is the Founder and President of RESQ Charitable Trust, a non-governmental animal rescue organisation based in Pune. Neha is also on the State Wildlife Board, Maharashtra.)
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