Maha Local Body Polls: SC Asks Govt, Election Body to Maintain Status Quo

Maharashtra government had come out with an ordinance providing 27% reservation to the OBC in local body polls.

The Supreme Court of India. Image used for representational purposes.

(Photo: PTI)

The Supreme Court on Monday, 22 August, directed the State Election Commission (SEC) and the Maharashtra government to maintain the status quo with regard to the poll process to the local bodies in the state.

A bench comprising Chief Justice NV Ramana and Justices Abhay S Oka and JB Pardiwala took up the plea of the Maharashtra government seeking a recall of the apex court order by which it had directed the SEC not to re-notify the poll process to 367 local bodies, where it has already commenced, in order to provide reservation to OBCs.

At the outset, the CJI, who is demitting office on 26 August, said the matter needed an elaborate hearing and he would be setting up a separate special bench for its final disposal.

“We have heard the counsel. The matter requires an elaborate hearing. In view of that we direct the parties to maintain the status quo. List the matter after five weeks. A special bench will be constituted,” the top court said in the order.

27 Percent Reservation for OBC

The state government had come out with an ordinance providing 27 percent reservation to the Other Backward Classes (OBC) in local body polls.

The government then also moved the top court seeking recall or modification of its order by which it had directed the SEC not to re-notify the poll process to local bodies, where it has already commenced, for providing reservation to OBCs.

The top court agreed to hear the fresh plea of the state government after hearing Solicitor General Tushar Mehta.

The law officer, appearing for Maharashtra, had said the state government seeks “recall or modification of the 28 July order” and a direction to the SEC to “to hold the elections for the 96 local bodies (out of 367 local bodies) namely 92 municipal councils and four ‘Nagar Panchayats', allowing OBC reservation in terms of a report dated 7 July 2022 prepared by the Dedicated Commission for Reservation for Backward Class of Citizens in Local Bodies of Maharashtra.”

The state government said, “The OBCs form an important part of society and were granted special rights under our constitutional scheme. It is under the same constitutional scheme, it was deemed fit to give political reservation to them to ensure that they are duly represented inside the government and their voice is heard."

The top court had on 28 July warned the state poll panel of contempt action if it re-notifies the election process to 367 local bodies, where it has already commenced, in order to provide reservation to OBCs.

The SEC, it said, "cannot and shall not" renotify the election programme, voicing displeasure over the "misreading" of its 20 July order. Any breach of its directives will invite contempt for the SEC and others concerned, the court said.

Prior to this, the bench had on 20 July accepted the recommendations of the Banthia commission providing 27 percent OBC reservations in local body elections and directed that election to local bodies in the state be notified in the next two weeks.

It had, however, made clear the same day that the new reservation policy will not apply to the 367 local bodies where the election process had already begun.

The court had noted in its 20 July order that the counsel for the SEC had said the election programme in respect of 367 local bodies has already started and will be taken to its logical end.

The apex court had quashed the SEC notification providing for 27 percent quotas for OBCs in local bodies in early 2021.

Triple Test

In December 2021, it ruled reservation for OBCs in local bodies will not be allowed unless the government fulfils the triple test laid down in the SC's 2010 order. The top court had ruled that until the triple test criteria is fulfilled, the OBC seats will be re-notified as general category seats.

The triple test required the state government to set up a dedicated commission to gather data on the backwardness of OBCs in every local body, to specify the proportion of reservation in each local body in light of the commission's recommendations, and ensure that such reservation does not exceed 50 percent of the total seats reserved for SC/ST/OBC together.

These 92 municipal councils and four 'nagar panchayats' figured in the list of 367 local bodies where the election process had already been set in motion.

"Dates have been notified. The election programme has commenced. That we will not interdict. We had made it clear," the bench had said, adding, "They can only change the date from date X to date Y." There cannot be reservation for these 367 local bodies, the court had asserted.

"The State Election Commission cannot and shall not re-notify the election programme so as to provide reservation in respect of 367 local bodies referred to in the affidavit filed before this court on 8 July 2022," the bench had said.