Bt Cotton Row: Monsanto Pulls Out of India, Says Won’t Share Tech

Monsanto strongly objects to a government proposal to share its technology with local seed companies.

Monsanto is at loggerheads with India over how much it can charge for its genetically modified cotton seeds. (Photo: The Quint)

Monsanto has withdrawn its application seeking approval for the next generation of genetically modified cotton seeds in India – a major escalation in a long-running dispute between New Delhi and the world’s biggest seed maker.

A letter sent by Monsanto’s local partner in India – the conglomerate’s biggest market outside the Americas – strongly objects to a government proposal that would force Monsanto to share its technology with local seed companies.

The company is also at loggerheads with India over how much it can charge for its genetically modified cotton seeds, costing it tens of millions of dollars in lost revenue every year.

The unprecedented decision could set back Monsanto’s efforts to introduce its new seed, called Bollgard II Roundup Ready Flex technology, for years and lead to further losses.

It will also ratchet up pressure on the Indian government as it undermines Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s efforts to make the country look more attractive to foreign investors.

A farmer winnows paddy crops in a field on the outskirts of Agartala. (Photo: The Quint)

It could also hurt Indian cotton farmers. The new seed variety helps fight against weeds that sap the cotton crop of vital nutrients and depress yields.

A Monsanto spokesperson said the withdrawal of the application was “an outcome of the uncertainty in the business and regulatory environment”, but that the move had “no impact on our current cotton portfolio being sold in India”.

In a letter dated 5 July, Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Co Ltd (Mahyco), Monsanto’s technology partner in India, singled out a government proposal, mooted in May, that would require Monsanto to share its proprietary technology.

This feud will impact foreign investments being pushed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. (Photo: The Quint)

The government is evaluating feedback after protests.

Mahyco said in the letter, a copy of which was seen by Reuters, that the proposal “alarmed us and raised serious concerns about the protection of intellectual property rights”.

Mahyco also asked the regulator, Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC), to return data and other material submitted by it as part of the application.

The regulator has done that, a government official said.

Lost Opportunity

India first allowed GM cotton cultivation in 2002 by approving Monsanto’s single gene Bollgard I technology.

New Delhi approved the double gene Bollgard II in 2006, helping transform India into the world’s top producer and second-largest exporter of the fibre as output jumped fourfold.

The desi cotton which the farmers produced was a short staple absorbent cotton used in surgical dressings. (Photo: The Quint)

Bollgard II Roundup Ready Flex would have been the first technological breakthrough since the launch of Bollgard II, potentially pushing up crop yields at a time when some farmers have said the existing variety was losing its effectiveness.

Bollgard II, introduced in 2006, is slowly becoming vulnerable to bollworms, experts say, and, as any technology, has a limited shelf life.

Still, more than 41 million GM cotton seed packets were sold last year, earning royalties of 6.5 billion Indian rupees ($97 million) for Monsanto.

In its letter to the GEAC, Mahyco said it would seek to revive the application for Bollgard II Roundup Ready Flex “at a suitable time”.

But the government official said there were no guarantees it would be allowed to do so if it changed its mind in the future and would likely have to start afresh.

(Published in an arrangement with the Reuters)

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