Odisha to Conserve 700 Sacred Groves to Protect Tribal Culture

The ward members of a village in Odisha. (Photo Courtesy: Ankush Vengurlekar)

An integral part of tribal culture, 700 sacred groves in Odisha out of 2,100 identified by the state government will be conserved this year with the involvement of local communities, with the project to be completed by 2019, an official said.

We have decided to protect 700 sacred groves this year. Massive plantation activities would be taken up to increase the density of forest cover in the areas.

Suresh Mohapatra, Forest and Environment Secretary

Tribals perform their religious rites at these groves with much devotion and dedication. They prohibit human interference, especially of outsiders, with their groves fearing that any disturbance in the area might upset the presiding gods. Any interference would result in diseases, deaths and natural calamities, they believe.

Dambaru Sisa, the first and only MLA from the Bonda tribe, a particularly vulnerable tribal group, said:

The government should take proactive steps to protect the sacred groves. Adequate funds should be ensured to carry out plantation and other developmental works in the areas.

About 700 sacred groves in Odisha out of 2,100 identified by the state government will be conserved this year. (Photo: iStockphoto)

About 44.7% of Odisha Declared Scheduled Area

Odisha has a 9.6 million tribal population – 22.8 percent of the total population. There are 62 tribal communities, including 13 particularly vulnerable tribal communities in the state, said sources.

Our tribal brothers and sisters are worshipping their deities in the form of sacred groves. The government is conscious of the difficulties in managing these groves. The government has taken a new initiative for preservation of sacred groves which are the hot spots of biodiversity. About 670 sacred groves have been covered with planting of 67,000 rare, endangered and threatened plants.

Naveen Patnaik, Chief Minister

About 44.7 percent of the state’s geographical area has been declared a scheduled area covering 12 districts.

However, environmental activists feel that the government grossly underestimated the extent of sacred groves in the state.

They say the government has not included the groves in mineral-rich areas such as Niyamgiri and Khandadhar, where tribal communities are protesting against mining by private companies.

Villagers from Khinda line up at 4 am at the mines and carry over 120 kilos of coal on their bicycles daily, to be sold to hotels and brick makers. (Photo Courtesy: Ankush Vengurlekar)

Forest Rights of Tribals Are Not Recognised

The state government is intentionally not identifying the sacred groves in the mining-rich areas even as the tribals have been performing their religious rites since past several decades. Since the government wants to carry out mining activities in the area, it does not even recognise the forest rights of tribals. 

Prafulla Samantra, Environmental Activist

Notably, Dongaria Kondh communities had rejected Vedanta’s mining project on Niyamgiri hills in 2013. The Supreme Court also recognised the religious rights of the tribal population over the hills. The tribals are also opposing mining activities on Khandadhar hills, where Posco had proposed to extract iron ore to feed its proposed $12 billion steel project at Jagatsinghpur.

But the state government has not identified even one sacred grove in the area, said Samantra.

The Forest and Environment Secretary said he would look into the matter if any irregularity comes to his notice.

(This story has been published in an arrangement with IANS.)