Burglar Virus Steals Black Widow Spider’s Venom Genes

The virus likely uses the venom to break into animal cells.

Black Widows are among the most venomous spiders in North America. (Photo: iStock)

Scientists have found a virus that has assimilated the genes that code for black widow venom.

One-third of the virus’ genes are animal-like, though viruses are not considered living as they lack key traits scientists consider all living beings to have, such as the ability to reproduce on their own.

Scientists believe the virus copied the genetic code to be able to penetrate the cells it infects to survive and replicate. The specific virus, known as WO, targets bacteria in spiders and insects. Its venom can break through eukaryotic cell walls.

This is the first case where a virus has been found to have copied an animal’s DNA.

Viruses do this. It’s like a buffet. They take bits from different genes [from bacteria] and put them together to form this super gene.

Sarah Bordenstein, microbial ecologist who contributed to the find

(With inputs from BBC, Science Alert and The Atlantic)