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Georgina Cabral, a 28-year-old fashion designer, said she chose to wear her "pinkest dress" to watch Barbie at a theatre in Kerala.
Amil Bhatnagar, a journalist from Lucknow, too, wore a bright pink t-shirt to watch the film. "I don't really see pink as a colour that affirms a particular gender. I have a lot of pink in my wardrobe," he told The Quint.
What has, perhaps, been as fascinating as Greta Gerwig's new film is the sea of people dressed in pink – women, men, and children – floating about in theatres across cities.
In fact, this 'pink phenomenon' has now extended to Barbie-themed events and parties, where the dress code is unabashedly pink.
Clearly, the Barbie promotion hit all the right notes. Dressing up in pink meant a show of unconditional support for the movie and what it represents. Do we dare say it also unleashed a phenomenon that allows people to be comfortable owning the 'controversial' colour pink – widely associated with 'fragile femininity'?
To understand the 'pink phenomenon' better, we must go back to the history books…
In an interview with CNN, Valeri Steele, editor of Pink: The History of a Punk, Pretty, Powerful Color, said that "pink has always been a colour in transition, and so have the social attitudes towards it."
In the West, pink was closely associated with the aristocracy in the 1700s. European aristocrats, both men and women, wore soft and powdery variants of pink as a symbol of opulence and refinement, according to Steele.
However, during the mid-19th century, a shift occurred as men in the Western world increasingly adopted dark and sombre colours, whereas women were left with brighter options.
For instance, women from across the United States wore bright pink 'pussyhats' during the Women's March in 2017, but it received widespread criticism from feminists who believed that the "cute pink hats" trivialised the very real issues that women were facing.
In contrast, the colour pink has been part of women's movements in India – like the Gulabi Gang, popularly perceived as a "female vigilante group" in Uttar Pradesh, which started in 2006 as a response to crimes against women.
In Rajasthan, for instance, the colour pink is part of both men and women's attire. We have had actors like Rishi Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, and Shah Rukh Khan embrace pink, too.
In 2022, actor Ranveer Singh, too, attended an event in Mumbai wearing bubblegum pink.
But by then, the colour's connotations had changed. It was considered "bold and unconventional" for Ranveer to appear in bright pink – because it's not really a "man's colour."
Speaking to The Quint, brand and business strategy specialist Harish Bijoor said that Barbie's marketing was clever also because it "pushed back" on stereotypes.
What helped was, of course, Mattel and Greta Gerwig's "$150 million budget and a stellar marketing team," Mahabir told The Quint.
There's also the nostalgia factor for some, Mahabir added.
"The colour pink was fed into people's perceptions. Everyone wanted a piece of the Barbie aesthetic. Barbie's pink Malibu Dreamhouse is back on Airbnb, there was a 3D ad of Barbie in front of Burj Khalifa, and if you google Barbie, you're greeted with pink confetti."
Bijoor believes that Barbie has "discovered a new era where colour does not define gender. Typically, over the decades, the colour pink has been forcefully representing femininity. I say 'forcefully' because society forces stereotypes. Society genderises colour. Barbie tried to correct this – and I think it's been very successful."
Mahabir, however, said it's impossible to gauge the success of the 'pink phenomenon', "because at the end of the day, the phenomenon was all about a brilliant marketing campaign."
She also referred to how Barbie received considerable backlash in India even before its release, as many on Twitter categorised it as "a movie for women," while crowning Oppenheimer as "a movie for men." You can read more about that here.
"The pink phenomenon might contribute to changing gender perceptions, but I don't think it is important enough to actually bring about change," she added.
Somya Lakhani, a journalist who watched the film on the first day of its release, concurred, saying: "Barbie was pop feminism at its best. It is marketing at its best. But let's not pretend that it's more than what it is."
"I don't remember the last time I watched a movie where people actually dressed up for the movie. But Barbie, at the end of the day, is a heavily funded production – it's not a crowd-sourced film. And we can purely owe this pink phenomenon it to the movie's marketing, and nothing else," she added.
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